Advanced and Clinical Immunology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Progressed and Clinical Immunology - Essay Example Subsequently, IgE immunoblotting was basically required for assurance of the nourishments to sidestep in attempting to enable the patient feel to better ((Phipatanakul et al, 2004). 4. Th-2 like cells can be recognized in the fringe blood and injuries of atopic-dermatitis patients delivering IL-4, 5, 13 and furthermore IL-17 from Th17 cells. Clarify the role(s) of these cytokines in hypersensitivity (10 Marks). Â IL-4, 5, 13 are significant for unfavorably susceptible reactions and end of parasites. Th17 cells are the most up to date individuals from the Th cell family and produce the IL-17. The Th17 cells are engaged with have barrier with a job of assurance against extracellular microorganisms through action on both the insusceptible and non-resistant cells, they have additionally started to be related with the pathophysiology advancement of unfavorably susceptible illnesses, for example, atopic dermatitis (Cox, et al, 2008). Â Mast cells PGDs, Basophil histamine and Eosinophil Cationic Protein (ECP) are fundamental constituents of hypersensitive aggravation. Succeeding obsession of IgE to FceRI receptors on pole cells and basophil histamine is indispensable to the commencement and expansion of prompt touchiness responses. Pole cells, basophils, and the eosinophils are significant effector cells in the hypersensitive irritation (Yazdanbakhsh et al, 2002). Pole cells in a roundabout way add to asthmatic responses. Its quality causes A when the enactment by multivalent Ag and the IgE, pole cells produces numerous incendiary middle people, which incorporates histamines, eicosanoids, and proteases with PGD2 in high amount.

Essay Topics: How Important Are They?

Essay Topics: How Important Are They?Critical essay topics are among the most critical parts of the essay. By writing critical essays, you will be introducing the topic of your major thesis in an interesting and memorable way. This is because a good number of students are interested in conducting successful critical essays because they are involved in high levels of learning. In order to make the topic meaningful, there are certain important facets which you should consider.A first important part of the essay is to prepare the content of the essay. The content has to be prepared from the data that you are getting from the college or university which you are attending. It is also essential that you consider the subject of the thesis when preparing your topic.You should ensure that the topic which you choose to write about is interesting and relevant. You must also take care that the topic chosen should be well-defined and clear to the readers. Finally, you have to make sure that the c ontent of the essay is sufficiently strong so that it will be able to hold your audience attention.Last but not the least, you have to take care that the essay topics are both relevant and interesting. The choice of topic is quite important because you will not be able to introduce the topic without giving out its relevance. The theme of the essay can make or break the quality of the essay.You can start working on your essay topics by researching on the topic which you intend to write about. Be it a topical topic or a genre, you can start writing the thesis essay without any hesitations. However, you should bear in mind that all the research work must be done before writing the essay. Even if you have done the research well, you can always use your own understanding of the topic as you go on with the writing.Now, that you are aware of the importance of writing the essay, let us discuss the structure of the essay. Writing a thesis is quite complicated, so the writer should always be guided by a mentor who can guide him through the right way. The best technique to guide the writer is the following: make the student first understand what the thesis is and then guide him in writing the essay. This will help the student understand the significance of the essay and he can then know how to write it properly.These are some of the most important aspects of writing essay topics which you should always keep in mind. So, get yourself motivated and start writing your thesis today!

Mexican Muralism - 4003 Words

Mexican muralism offers us one of the most politically charged and expressive art forms of the 20th century. David Alfaro Siqueiros and Jose Clemente Orozco are two of the three so called triumvirate of Mexican Muralists, the third being Diego Rivera. Both of the artists have a unique style and a strong sense of morals and political ideals. Their styles are similar in the sense of the amount of expression and movement in their pieces They also share a common ideology that shows up often in their work. Siqueiros’ Portrait of the Bourgeoisie and New Democracy along with Orozco’s American Civilization and Catharsis show you a great cross section of Mexican Muralism, revealing the passions and beliefs of the time period. In order to†¦show more content†¦Your eyes read the mural as you go up the stairs. Siqueiros was interested in portraying movement in his forms, this is apparent in the mural. All of the images are active, and they all do their part in moving your eyes around the painting. The mural consists of a total of three walls and a ceiling all covered with images that seem to converge toward the middle wall. The central wall is the most controversial wall as far as content is concerned. This wall seems to depict capitalism as it manipulates the political powers of the world. Your eyes are drawn to a creature that looks like the lovechild of an engine and an octopus. This image is a large mechanism known as the â€Å"infernal machine†. Above the infernal machine is a huge metal plated eagle known as the â€Å"imperialist eagle†. To the left of the infernal machine, there are three figures that stand for the principal bourgeois democracies: France, Great Britain, and the United States. The right side features three fascist regimes: Hirohito, Mussolini, and Hitler. The â€Å"infernal machine† is pumping a fuel that reminds me of blood. Gold coins are spilling out of the top of the machine, which seems to emulate the idea of greed. The coins lead your eye down to the bottom of the mural where there is a factory extending across all three of the walls. The factory shows Siqueiros’ socialist philosophy. Inside of the factory you can see the plight of the working man, bearingShow MoreRelatedLatin American Authors Influence On Mexican Culture1698 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Las mujeres son seres inferiores porque, al entregarse, se abren. Su inferioridad es constitucional y radica en su sexo, en su rajada, herida que jamà ¡s cicatriza.† (p. 58-59) This mimicry allows Paz to share an observation on Mexican culture, without commiting to the viewpoint himself. He also occasionaly resorts to an open scathing critique. He uses this most notably when talking about the phenomenon of machismo, who’s views he reproduces above, saying that the macho â€Å"Es el poder, aislado enRead MoreEssay on Chicano Art3962 Words   |  16 Pages(Fernanda 36-57). The concept of Indigenismo formed one of the integral themes that was expressed in the Chicano form of art in the 1960s and 1970s. Chicano was a term that was originally used as a deprecating label given to the daughters and sons of the Mexican migrants. The term was accepted both as a symbol of ethnic pride and self-determination. Some of the issues that the movement focused on was the awareness of a collective culture and history, equal opportunity for social mobility and restoration ofRead MoreAncient Mexico: A Mural By Diego Rivera.Ancient Mexico1225 Words   |  5 Pagesproto typical of the painting style’s era. Physically the mural is located on the stairway of the Mexican National Palace, in Mexico City; which is the place where the Presidents work. This mural was commissioned at the end of the Mexican Revolution by the federal government. Moreover, this masterpiece depicts its era, considering that this was the dominating genre in the 1920’s, among the Mexican painters. Muralism Movement in Mexico as a form of popular art, flourished during the post-revolution, dueRead MoreThe Mexican Revolution Of Carlos Merida And El Dios Del Fuego789 Words   |  4 PagesI chose Carlos Merida and his Mexican murals because they consisted of popping color schemes and had an abstract vibe to them that attracted me and stood out from the rest of the artists to choose from. My three favorite works by Carlos would have to be La Mà ¡scara Mà ¡gica, Dancers of Mexico, and El Dios del Fuego. He was a well-known Guatemalan muralist and he became interested in the social revolution that was taking place in Mexico City, known as the Mexican Revolution. As Diego Rivera’s assistantRead MoreThe Effects Of Urban Renewal And The Freeway Systems1153 Words   |  5 Pages1930s. Olvera Street was planned out by Christine Sterling who had a vision, â€Å"a Mexican street of yesterday in a city of today† (Carpio lecture week 3). With profit in mind, Olvera Street worked as a tourist attraction in Los Angeles with the help of Union Station opening during that period (Carpio, lecture week 3). Puestos and shops were placed down the street to sell typical Mexican commodities and were meant to give Mexican families in need jobs within those shops (Kropp 8). Sterling used her charityRead MoreChicano Murals in Los Angeles3931 Words   |  16 Pagesopposition. In Mexico, after the Mexican Revolution of 1917, the government commissioned a vast number of mural projects to transmit its revisionist history of the country, and celebrate the empowerment of the underclass in their recent victory. Predominate themes were cultural reclamation, history, pre-conquest civilization, anti-colonialism, anti-bourgeoisie sentiment, celebration of the working class, and highlighting the beauty and struggle of life as a Mexican. This movement moved north, acrossRead MoreThe Muralist Movement in Mexico3342 Words   |  14 PagesThe Muralist Movement in Mexico Mural painting is one of the oldest and most important forms of artistic, political and social expression. Mexican muralists, Diego Rivera, Jose Clemente Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros revived this form of painting in Mexico and led the way for the Muralist Movement in Mexico. Their murals were based on the political and social conditions of the times. During the beginning of the 20th century, Mexico went through a political and social revolution and the governmentRead MoreArt And Its Impact On Society2359 Words   |  10 Pages 27). Mexican muralism emerged during the 1920s, post-Revolution period in an attempt to promote a unified political front and the nationalist ideals of the time (Folgarait. 1991. p. 18). The government’s desire to address the illiterate population, to promote the newly formed Mexican identity funded the mural movement. The three leading figures of this movement were Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Siqueiros and Jose Clemente Orozco (Ibid.) Figure 2, similarly to most of the Mexican murals

The Effects Of Global Warming On The World - 1235 Words

In news everywhere, there is always something about polar ice caps melting or the ever-rising temperatures, but most people do not think twice about it since, they are not directly affected by it. They may not be feeling the effects of global warming at the moment, but in time it will become a more widespread issue. The effects of global warming are hard to refute, and there is endless evidence of this growing problem in our world today. The continuation of global warming is a serious threat to everyone and everything on Earth. Global warming has been a problem for over a hundred years, and it continues to grow every day. The first evidence of global warming was discovered in 1859 by John Tyndall, who found that the increased CO2 in the atmosphere absorbs the sun’s energy and causes global temperatures to rise (Is Human Activity). Charles Keeling added to this, saying that CO2 was staying in the atmosphere and not being absorbed, therefore further increasing absorption of the sun’s heat (Is Human Activity). He found that CO2 levels had increased over 12% from the 1800s to his discovery in 1958 (Kesel and Sedlack). The main cause of the increased CO2 in the atmosphere is the burning of fossil fuels, as concluded by Guy S. Callender, but deforestation and the growing hole in the ozone layer also play a role in global warming (Is Human Activity). All of these factors combine to create global warming, and they continue to threaten the general population of Earth.Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World868 Words   |  4 PagesDisputed Global Warming Affects Global Warming is in the minds of critical thinkers and scientist as well as the Industrial World. In this paper, we will look at man-made causes of Global Warming, and natural causes in Global Warming Affects. The man- made cause would be (GHC) which abbreviates to greenhouse gases and the chemical (SO2) represents sulfur dioxide from cars and Industry. The natural cause in the climate would direct more to a cooler climate. The Global Warming remains,augmented thatRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1575 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal warming has become a major issue in the world today. Not only are humans being affected, but many species and organisms are as well. Naturally, the Earth experiences heating and cooling cycles, and has over time. The ice age is a great example of a cooling cycle that was rather extreme. Since the industrial revolution, the amount of greenhouse gases has increased and built up in the atmosphere over time (Weart, 2015). The climate changes are being caused by the heat that is trapped in theRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1025 Words   |  5 PagesJacob Keirns Persuasive Paper Miss Beverly March 22, 2016 Global Warming â€Å"Some men aren t looking for anything logical, like money. They can t be bought, bullied, reasoned or negotiated with. Some men just want to watch the world burn.† -Christopher Nolan The late nineteenth century was a time of immense discovery, particularly in the world of science. First theorized in the 1890s, the idea of global warming has been around for just over 100 years, despite it’s relatively recent gain in tractionRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1267 Words   |  6 Pages Over the course of the years global warming has become a threatening issue that scientists and the government have been cognizant about. Global warming is the term used to describe a gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth s atmosphere and its oceans, a change that is believed to be permanently changing the Earth’s climate. The earth periodically warms up and cools down. The Earth is currently going through a warming trend that coincides with the industrial revolution. ThisRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1185 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Greenhouse Gasses Global Warming has been devastating the earth and economy for the last twenty-five years. Greenhouse gasses developed from the production of chemicals such as R-22, oil, and factories have destroyed ozone and ecosystems for the last hundred years. Carbon dioxide is produced naturally and absorbed by plants and animals, but, too much, and it is deadly. With the increase in automobiles and production, the world government has begun to address the issue of greenhouseRead MoreEffects Of Global Warming On The World Essay1816 Words   |  8 PagesDiseases, war, etc... Those are major concerns of this world, and climate change is always a hot issue given to debate. It s not just a matter of a single country, but it’s a problem of the whole human race. Humanity is facing the risk of extinction. The impact of environmental pollution leads to climate change and natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanoes. Those disasters are caused by the impact of humans to nature, such as deforestation, ecological imbalance, and use of chemicalsRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effect On The World1036 Words   |  5 Pagesdefinition of Global warming is; a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth s atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and other pollutants. Global warming is a very big issue that is slowly affecting the whole world. Climate change has been studied since the early 1970’s, and scientist of many different fields are agreeing that global warming’s effects are increasing at a rapid pace. Global Warming was notRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects On The World Essay919 Words   |  4 PagesThe world has many years existing in this galaxy and every day we see that is changing more and more but not in a very good way that it can end in the extinction of the planet earth. â€Å"Earth Hasn’t Heated Up This Fast Since the Dinosau rs’ End† (Lavelle). Carbon is growing so fast in the atmosphere faster than in the past 66 million years since the dinosaurs went extinct (Lavelle). All the presidents hold a position of power that could change this big problem that the planet is having, behind thisRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1823 Words   |  8 PagesGlobal warming is called by some as a threat to all people on all nations while others disregard it as another publicity stunt by the media. Research tends to indicate that humans have caused most of the past century s warming by releasing heat-trapping gases as we power our modern lives. The result is global warming with the weather patterns shifting and glaciers melting, the world we know today is slowly dissipating as these changes bring about dramatic consequences for all on the planet includingRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1240 Words   |  5 PagesIn truth, before taking this class I never really cared ab out the environment, sure I would hear the occasional uproar about the effects of global warming or the growing hole in the ozone layer, however, it was always a non-factor. My passion has always been humans, their problems were my problems and I am always looking for a way to make their lives better. So, the planet may have been dying the ice caps may have been melting, however I always believed that one day humans would solve the problems

Christianity And Islam Essay Example For Students

Christianity And Islam Essay Christianity and Islam are two of the most significant religions since theircreation. Islam means submission in Arabic, and a Muslim is one whosubmits to the will of God (Islam page 223). Christians were called so becauseof Jesus title Christos, which is Greek for Messiah (Christianity page 198). Both religions are very similar with only some of the beliefs and teachingsbeing different. They also give separate messages to outsiders as to what theirreligions stand for. Both religions are monotheistic with a holy text and theyboth strive to conquer evil. Islam has a set of rules (5 Pillars of Islam) setforth to reach enlightenment while Christians basically just sin, repent, andthen are forgiven for their sins. Christianity is a much easier religion tobelong to because it is a lot more lenient to what you can and cannot do as wellas when and where you can do it. Islam is also more closed doors because the donot really send out missionaries looking for people to convert to Islam. ForChristianity, Jesus of Nazareth was the Messiah (the anointed one) Godsdeliverer, whose coming the prophets had foretold (Christianity page 198). Jesustaught the good Word of the Lord, as was his duty as the Son of God. He is alsosaid to have performed miracles such as curing leprosy and blindness as wellwalking on water. Roman and Jewish authorities were disquieted by the threat tothe establishment that Jesus and his followers seemed to offer, and theyconspired successfully to execute him by crucifixion (Christianity page 198). After Jesus was crucified for the sins of all men, he was believed by Christiansto have risen from the dead and then ascended to Heaven. After the death ofJesus, his life and teachings were written with many tall tales (as I liketo call them) about the great battles and accomplishments of Christians as wellas success stories about the followers of Gods Word. All of these stories andsome historical facts are written in the Bible, which is the holy text of theChristians. It explains how God created the Earth the creation of the Earth andman and it teaches how to be righteous. The founder of Islam was the ProphetMohammed who was an orphan from the city of Mecca. Mohammed claimed to bevisited by the Angel Gabriel who gave him the basis for this new religion. TheFive Pillars of Islam are the basic laws to be a good Muslim. Declaring thatthere is no God but Allah, praying five times a day facing Mecca, fasting duringset times, tithing for needy, and a journey to Mecca at least once in your lifetime. Some Muslims have a sixth pillar, jihad, which is translated intoholy war (Variety page 234). Mohammeds teachings were not written untilhis death because there was no compelling reason to set his words down in somedefinite form. After the sudden death of Mohammed in 632, Caliph Abu Bakrordered one of the prophets companions to collect, from oral and writtensources, all of Mohammeds utterances (Quran page 225). They were writtenin the Quran which is basically the Muslim Bible. The Quran is thewritten version of the teachings that Mohammed preached while he was alive. Asecond source of guidance for most Muslims is al-Hadith (Tradition), a vast bodyof transmitted stories of what the Prophet said or did or what was said or donein his presence and therefore approved by him (Foundations page 225). .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226 , .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226 .postImageUrl , .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226 , .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226:hover , .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226:visited , .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226:active { border:0!important; } .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226:active , .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226 .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua0816e3b9ba6143257324a0ad6398226:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Background Of Internal Control Systems Accounting EssayChristianity is a very appealing religion because it seems to be so easy tounderstand and become a Christian where as Islam is very difficult. There arefive set times a day in Islam where you have to stop everything and pray facingMecca and Muslims go to church on Fridays. Christians are free to pray any waythey want at any time they want and go to church on Sundays. The Bible isdifferent in that it contains the teachings of Jesus, the direct Word of God,and many religious stories. The Quran contains only the teachings of Mohammedwhich is said to be the Word of God spoken through man. The religious stories ofIslam are in separate sources such as the al-Hadith, The Six AuthenticCompilations, and Gardens of the Righteous (Tales page 230). The Bible and theQuran are similar in the simple fact that they were not written until theprophets of their religion were dead (although Jesus was resurrected and went toHeaven). While Jesus and Mohammed were on Earth, their stories and teachingswere passed on orally, so the need to write them down was not necessary. Christianity is a religion where they welcome outsiders in to convert them andlove everyone, Christian or not, for they are all the children of God. Islamteaches to: Be mindful of you duty to Allah and try to promote accord betweenyourselves (8.2). All believers are brothers; so make peace between yourbrothers (49.11). Fight the idolators all together, as they fight you alltogether, and know that Allah is with the righteous (9.36)(Nawawi page232). Make peace between your brothers, means to make peace with otherMuslims. If you are not Muslim, you are not one of their brothers. They also sayto fight the idolators, which means to fight against those who are notMuslim. This message to hate he who is not of the same religion is the completeopposite from that of Christianitys message. I believe that is why Muslimsfeel compelled to bomb other peoples and fight holy wars. This is another reasonwhy Christianity is more appealing. Both Islam and Christianity offer arewarding eternal dwelling i f you live a righteous life here on earth anddo the duty of Allah or God. Christians believe that their reward for arighteous life is to go to Heaven. For Muslims, the reward for following the 5Pillars of Islam is pleasant dwellings in Gardens of Eternity (Nawawi page 232). These are the sole reasons for having the religions in the first place. Thesupreme goal of both religions is to successfully reach a peaceful afterlife. Asfar as bad afterlives go, Christianity has Hell for those who go against God andare not forgiven for their sins. Hell is an eternal damnation full of tortureand suffering. Hell is a deterrent from sin, which makes people more inclined tolive holy and righteous lives. As Heaven is a reward for living a righteouslife, Hell is the punishment for living a life of sin. I am not sure aboutIslam, although the book does talk about Allah saving someone from theFire and Fire being defined as Hell (Nawawi page 232). I can infer thismeans that they both have a punitive home for the unholy and disbelieving. BothIslam and Christianity have dietary restrictions. Muslims cannot eat fromsunrise to sunset during the holy month of Ramadan. Some Christians fast on GoodFriday as well as giving up their favorite food during the Advent Season. Christians celebrate the birth, death, and resurrection of Jesus while the onlyreligious celebration that Muslims have to my knowledge is the holy month ofRamadan. I do not know why they celebrate this but I do know they celebrate theninth month on their lunar calendar and that is the holy month of Ramadan. Ipersonally think that Christianity is a much easier religion to deal with beingthat it has just about the same outcome as Islam does. Christianity also has alot less work involved. I would say that Christianity is a much more convenientreligion. Less time and effort is put into praying and being righteous withChristianity. Plus it is much more believable to me that Jesus was the Son ofGod than it is to believe that Mohammed was visited by an angel that told himwhat to do. They were both doing well although the Islamic message is not quietas nice as the Christian one. Loving everyone as your brother and sister is agood message to give and it is an exceptional way to keep the world peacefuleven if you are not Christian. That is why Christianity is a much moresuccessful religion and it is stronger than Islam will ever be. Christianity andIslam are basically one in the same. They both have one God with and the samebasic beliefs. Both have a holy text with the teachings of their prophets alongwith some religious stories. Both religions are very successful althoughChristianity has a leg up do to its convenience and its willingness to takeothers and convert them. These religions have been around for almost twothousand years and will continue to strive throughout history. .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23 , .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23 .postImageUrl , .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23 , .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23:hover , .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23:visited , .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23:active { border:0!important; } .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23:active , .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23 .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1a172af75a1f0390b062d3b76ccfcc23:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Manifest destiny EssayBibliographyChristianity: Conquering the World for Christ Alfred J. Andrea andJames H. Overfield, eds. Human Record I. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co.1998),198-199. Islam: Universal Submission to God Alfred J. Andrea and James H. Overfield, eds. Human Record I. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. 1998), 223-224. Nawawi, Imam. Gardens of the Righteous Reprinted in Alfred J. Andrea andJames H. Overfield, eds. Human Record I. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. 1998),230-233. The Quran Alfred J. Andrea and James H. Overfield, eds. HumanRecord I. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. 1998), 225-226. The Foundations ofIslamic Life Alfred J. Andrea and James H. Overfield, eds. Human Record I. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. 1998), 225. The Tales of Tradition Alfred J. Andrea and James H. Overfield, eds. Human Record I. (Boston: Mifflin Co. 1998),229-230. Variety and Unity in Islam Alfred J. Andrea and James H. Overfield, eds. Human Record I. (Boston: Mifflin Co. 1998), 253-234Religion

Marshall School of Business Essays - Marketing, Business Economics

Marshall School of Business University of Southern California MARKETING 465 GLOBAL MARKETING MANAGEMENT Spring, 2011 Faculty: Dennis A. Schorr, Ph.D. Office: ACC 226 Phone: 740-5041 E-mail: [emailprotected] Office Hours: Mon. 3:30-5:30 P.M. or by appointment Course Objectives: The major objectives of this course are to: a) Understand the key characteristics of various country markets and how to develop marketing plans in diverse environments b) Appreciate the limitations of an ethnocentric approach to international marketing and develop a complex, global perspective on marketing c) Understand the role of marketing in a company's global strategy and learn how to develop global marketing strategies d) Develop a multidimensional, nuanced perspective on marketing standardization vs. adaptation and learn how to balance the pressures for globalization vs. localization of the various elements of the marketing mix e) Appreciate the roles of global, regional, and local brands in a company's portfolio and learn how to manage effectively each type of product or service In support of these goals, the course is divided into five major topic areas. The first topic area focuses on the opportunities and challenges of international marketing and how to assess country environmental factors that are most relevant to the management of international marketing. The second topic area concentrates on how to select markets to enter and how to develop international and global marketing strategies. The third topic area examines the similarities and differences in product markets across countries and how to develop marketing strategies for various types of products and services. The fourth topic area deals with how to develop product policy in the international context including the management of branding, positioning, product attributes, and packaging. The fifth topic area is concerned with how to develop distribution/retailing, advertising/promotional, and pricing policies in the international context including how to manage the tradeoffs of standardization vs. adaptation associated with each element of the marketing mix. Throughout the course, a variety of country markets in various regions of the world will be discussed and a variety of different types of products and services will be addressed. Class Sessions: The class sessions will focus on the understanding of major concepts, frameworks, and analytical tools used in global marketing and the application of these concepts, frameworks, and tools to the understanding of real-world situations. The textbook chapters are designed as background reading to introduce the major concepts in the field. Readings are chosen to expose you to recent trends in global marketing. Case discussions will develop your skills in applying the concepts to actual managerial situations. Assignments and exercises will also assist in developing your knowledge and competencies in the area. Class sessions will consist of lectures in which conceptual material will be clarified and of discussions of cases, readings, exercises, and concepts to allow you to practice applying the material. Before each class session, you should read the assigned textbook chapters, readings, and cases and be prepared to discuss them in class. Course Evaluation: 25% Midterm Exam 25% Final Exam 10% Class Participation 10% Group Assignment # 1 10% Group Assignment # 2 10% Group Assignment # 3 10% Group Assignment # 4 As an important part of the learning in this course comes from class, you are expected to participate actively in class sessions. The level of class discussions and how much you gain from them depend in large part on how well prepared you are for each class and how actively you take part in the discussions. Thus, your level of preparation for class sessions and participation in discussions will be factored into the final evaluation. I realize that occasionally it is not possible to attend class. You can miss up to three class sessions without it affecting your grade; however, if you miss more than three sessions, it could have an impact on your participation grade. Occasionally, I will ask groups to make informal presentations in class; these informal presentations will be factored into the participation grade. Your individual mastery of the course material will be tested in a midterm and a final examination. The exams are designed to assess your knowledge of the material covered up to that point in the course. The four group assignments should be completed in groups of 4-5 people. They are designed to give you hands-on experience developing skills relevant to global marketing. Learning in these assignments should be enhanced by interacting and discussing the material with other members of your group. Peer evaluations of each member of your group will be conducted to ensure that all members contribute equitably to the assignments. All assignments are due at the

How Irish Immigrants Overcame Discrimination in America

How Irish Immigrants Overcame Discrimination in America The month of March isn’t just home to St. Patrick’s Day but also to Irish American Heritage Month, which acknowledges the discrimination the Irish faced in America and their contributions to society. In honor of the annual event, the U.S. Census Bureau releases a variety of facts and figures about Irish Americans and the White House issues a proclamation about the Irish experience in the United States. In March 2012, President Barack Obama ushered in Irish-American Heritage Month by discussing the â€Å"indomitable spirit† of the Irish. He referred to the Irish as a group â€Å"whose strength helped build countless miles of canals and railroads; whose brogues echoed in mills, police stations, and fire halls across our country; and whose blood spilled to defend a nation and a way of life they helped define. Defying Famine, Poverty, and Discrimination Defying famine, poverty, and discrimination, these sons and daughters of Erin demonstrated extraordinary strength and unshakable faith as they gave their all to help build an America worthy of the journey they and so many others have taken.† History of Discrimination Notice that the president used the word â€Å"discrimination† to discuss the Irish American experience. In the 21st century, Irish Americans are widely considered to be â€Å"white† and reap the benefits of white skin privilege. In previous centuries, however, the Irish endured some of the same discrimination that racial minorities endure today. As Jessie Daniels explained in a piece on the Racism Review website called â€Å"St. Patrick’s Day, Irish-Americans and the Changing Boundaries of Whiteness,† the Irish faced marginalization as newcomers to the United States in the 19th century. This was largely because of how the English treated them. She explains: â€Å"The Irish had suffered profound injustice in the U.K. at the hands of the British, widely seen as ‘white negroes.’ The potato famine that created starvation conditions that cost the lives of millions of Irish and forced the out-migration of millions of surviving ones, was less a natural disaster and more a complex set of social conditions created by British landowners (much like Hurricane Katrina). Forced to flee from their native Ireland and the oppressive British landowners, many Irish came to the U.S.† Immigrating to the U.S. Didn’t End the Hardships But immigrating to the U.S. didn’t end the hardships the Irish experienced across the pond. Americans stereotyped the Irish as lazy, unintelligent, carefree criminals and alcoholics. Daniels points out that the term â€Å"paddy wagon† comes from the derogatory â€Å"paddy,† a nickname for â€Å"Patrick† widely used to describe Irish men. Given this, the term â€Å"paddy wagon† basically equates being Irish to criminality. Competing for Low-Wage Employment Once the U.S. ceased to enslave its African American population, the Irish competed with blacks for low-wage employment. The two groups did not join together in solidarity, however. Instead, the Irish worked to enjoy the same privileges as white Anglo-Saxon Protestants, a feat they accomplished partly at the expense of blacks, according to Noel Ignatiev, author of How the Irish Became White (1995). Subjugating Blacks to Move up the Socioeconomic Ladder While the Irish abroad opposed slavery, for example, Irish Americans supported the peculiar institution because subjugating blacks allowed them to move up the U.S. socioeconomic ladder. After slavery ended, the Irish refused to work alongside blacks and terrorized African Americans to eliminate them as competition on multiple occasions. Due to these tactics, the Irish eventually enjoyed the same privileges as other whites while blacks remained second-class citizens in America. Richard Jenson, a former University of Chicago history professor, wrote an essay about these issues in the Journal of Social History called â€Å"‘No Irish Need Apply’: A Myth of Victimization.† He states:​ â€Å"We know from the experience of African Americans and Chinese that the most powerful form of job discrimination came from workers who vowed to boycott or shut down any employer who hired the excluded class. Employers who were personally willing to hire Chinese or blacks were forced to submit to the threats. There were no reports of mobs attacking Irish employment. On the other hand, the Irish repeatedly attacked employers who hired African Americans or Chinese.† Advantages Used to Get Ahead White Americans often express incredulity that their ancestors managed to succeed in the United States while people of color continue to struggle. If their penniless, immigrant grandfather could make it in the U.S. why can’t blacks or Latinos or Native Americans? Examining the experiences of European immigrants in the U.S. reveals that some of the advantages they used to get ahead- white skin and intimidation of minority laborers- were off-limits to people of color.